View source for CRV2 FrameworkSpecIssuesStruts

Apache Structs 2 is an open-source web application framework for Java EE web applications. Today most development that uses Structs is using the newest version Sructs 2. Structs web framework has reached its end of life and is no longer officially supported. The Struts framework acts as a façade for Java applications, providing a framework to divide the code of an application into the Model, View and Controller components defined in the MVC pattern.

Apache Struts 2 doesn't provide any security mechanism - it is just a pure web framework.

•	Keep Up to date on Releases.
Code Reviewer needs to understand what version of Structs is being used.  Lastest version of Structs at the time of writing this book was Apache Struts 2.3.16.3 GA. 


•	Restrict access to the Config Browser
Config Browser Plugin exposes internal configuration and should be used only during development phase. 

•	Don't mix different access levels in the same namespace
You cannot mix actions with different security levels in the same namespace. Always group actions in one namespace by security level.
 <security-constraint>
    <web-resource-collection>
        <web-resource-name>admin</web-resource-name>
        <url-pattern>/secure/*</url-pattern>
    </web-resource-collection>
    <auth-constraint>
        <role-name>admin</role-name>
    </auth-constraint>
 </security-constraint>

•	Code reviewer to be aware and keep up to date on for all third party software. Apache open source code is very good at being open and transparent on all security issues.  Current security bulletins can be found at. http://struts.apache.org/release/2.3.x/docs/security-bulletins.html

A list of Current security.

S2-001	Critical – Remote exploit on form validation error.

S2-002	Important – Cross site scripting (XSS) vulnerability on and tags.

S2-003	Critical - XWork ParameterInerceptors bypass allows OGNL statement execution.

S2-004	Important - Directory traversal vulnerability while serving static content.

S2-005	Critical - XWork ParameterInterceptors bypass allows remote command execution.

S2-006	Important - Multiple Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) in XWork generated error pages.

S2-007	Important - User input is evaluated as an OGNL expression when there's a conversion error.

S2-008	Critical - Multiple critical vulnerabilities in Struts2.

S2-009	Critical - ParameterInterceptor vulnerability allows remote command execution.

S2-010	Moderate- When using Struts 2 token mechanism for CSRF protection, token check may be bypassed by misusing known session attributes.

S2-011	Important - Long request parameter names might significantly promote the effectiveness of DOS attacks.

S2-012	Moderately Critical - Showcase app vulnerability allows remote command execution.

S2-013	High Critical - A vulnerability, present in the includeParams attribute of the URL and Anchor Tag, allows remote command execution.

S2-014	Highly Critical - A vulnerability introduced by forcing parameter inclusion in the URL and Anchor Tag allows remote command execution, session access and manipulation and XSS attacks.

S2-015	Highly Critical - A vulnerability introduced by wildcard matching mechanism or double evaluation of OGNL Expression allows remote command execution.

S2-016	Highly Critical - A vulnerability introduced by manipulating parameters prefixed with "action:"/"redirect:"/"redirectAction:" allows remote command execution.

S2-017	Important - A vulnerability introduced by manipulating parameters prefixed with "redirect:"/"redirectAction:" allows for open redirects.

S2-018	Important - Broken Access Control Vulnerability in Apache Struts2.

S2-019	Important - Dynamic Method Invocation disabled by default.

S2-020	Important - Upgrade Commons FileUpload to version 1.3.1 (avoids DoS attacks) and adds 'class' to exclude params in ParametersInterceptor (avoid ClassLoader manipulation).

S2-021	High - Improves excluded params in ParametersInterceptor and CookieInterceptor to avoid ClassLoader manipulation.

S2-022	Medium - Extends excluded params in CookieInterceptor to avoid manipulation of Struts' internals.