View source for OWASP Internet of Things Project

= Main =

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==OWASP Internet of Things (IoT) Project==

Oxford defines the Internet of Things as: “A proposed development of the Internet in which everyday objects have network connectivity, allowing them to send and receive data.”

''The OWASP Internet of Things Project is designed to help manufacturers, developers, and consumers better understand the security issues associated with the Internet of Things, and to enable users in any context to make better security decisions when building, deploying, or assessing IoT technologies''. 

The project looks to define a structure for various IoT sub-projects such as Attack Surface Areas, Testing Guides and Top Vulnerabilities.

[[File:iot-project.png|400px|thumb|center]]

==Licensing==
The OWASP Internet of Things Project is free to use. It is licensed under the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 license], so you can copy, distribute and transmit the work, and you can adapt it, and use it commercially, but all provided that you attribute the work and if you alter, transform, or build upon this work, you may distribute the resulting work only under the same or similar license to this one.

== ==
{{Social Media Links}}

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== What is the OWASP Internet of Things Project? ==

The OWASP Internet of Things Project provides:

* IoT Attack Surface Areas
* IoT Testing Guides
* Top IoT Vulnerabilities
* IoT Security Guidance
* Community Groups
* Curated IoT Reading List
* Developer Guidance
* Design Principles

== Project Leaders ==

* Daniel Miessler
* Craig Smith

== Major Contributors ==
* [https://www.owasp.org/index.php/User:Justin_C._Klein_Keane Justin Klein Keane]

== Related Projects ==

* [[OWASP_Project|Main Project Repository]]
* [[OWASP_Mobile_Security_Project|OWASP Mobile Security]]
* [[OWASP_Top_Ten_Project|OWASP Web Top 10]]
* [[OWASP_.NET_Project|OWASP .NET]]
* [[OWASP_Java_Project|OWASP Java and JVM]]
* [[OWASP_DevSec_Project|OWASP DevSec]]

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== Email List ==
[mailto:owasp_internet_of_things_project-request@lists.owasp.org Mailing List]

== Quick Download ==
[https://www.owasp.org/images/3/36/IoTTestingMethodology.pdf IoT Attack Surface Mapping DEFCON 23]

[https://www.owasp.org/images/2/2d/Iot_testing_methodology.JPG IoT Testing Guidance Handout]

[https://www.owasp.org/images/7/71/Internet_of_Things_Top_Ten_2014-OWASP.pdf OWASP IoT Top Ten PDF]

[https://www.owasp.org/images/8/8e/Infographic-v1.jpg OWASP IoT Top Ten Infographic]

[https://www.owasp.org/images/0/01/Internet_of_Things_Top_Ten_2014-OWASP-ppt.pptx OWASP IoT Top Ten PPT]

[https://www.owasp.org/images/5/51/RSAC2015-OWASP-IoT-Miessler.pdf OWASP IoT Top Ten-RSA 2015]

== News and Events ==
* Daniel Miessler gave his IoT talk at DEFCON 23
* Migrating the IoT Top Ten to be under the IoT Project
* HP Study Reveals 70 Percent of Internet of Things Devices Vulnerable to Attack. 
* IoT devices averaged 25 vulnerabilities per    product, indicating expanding attack surface for adversaries

==Classifications==

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= IoT Attack Surface Areas =

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== IoT Attack Surface Areas Project ==

The OWASP IoT Attack Surface Areas (DRAFT) are as follows:

{| border="1" class="wikitable" style="text-align: left"
! Attack Surface
! Vulnerability
|- 
| '''Ecosystem Access Control'''
|
* Implicit trust between components
* Enrollment security
* Decommissioning system
* Lost access procedures
|- 
| '''Device Memory'''
|
* Cleartext usernames
* Cleartext passwords
* Third-party credentials
* Encryption keys
|- 
| '''Device Physical Interfaces'''
|
* Firmware extraction
* User CLI
* Admin CLI
* Privilege escalation
* Reset to insecure state
* Removal of storage media
|-
| '''Device Web Interface'''
|
* SQL injection
* Cross-site scripting
* Cross-site Request Forgery
* Username enumeration
* Weak passwords
* Account lockout
* Known default credentials
|- 
| '''Device Firmware'''
|
* Hardcoded credentials
* Sensitive information disclosure
* Sensitive URL disclosure
* Encryption keys
* Firmware version display and/or last update date
|- 
| '''Device Network Services'''
|
* Information disclosure
* User CLI
* Administrative CLI
* Injection
* Denial of Service
* Unencrypted Services
* Poorly implemented encryption
* Test/Development Services
* Buffer Overflow
* UPnP
* Vulnerable UDP Services
* DoS
|- 
| '''Administrative Interface'''
|
* SQL injection
* Cross-site scripting
* Cross-site Request Forgery
* Username enumeration
* Weak passwords
* Account lockout
* Known default credentials
* Security/encryption options
* Logging options
* Two-factor authentication
* Inability to wipe device
|- 
| '''Local Data Storage'''
|
* Unencrypted data
* Data encrypted with discovered keys
* Lack of data integrity checks
|- 
| '''Cloud Web Interface'''
|
* SQL injection
* Cross-site scripting
* Cross-site Request Forgery
* Username enumeration
* Weak passwords
* Account lockout
* Known default credentials
* Transport encryption
* Insecure password recovery mechanism
* Two-factor authentication
|- 
| '''Third-party Backend APIs'''
|
* Unencrypted PII sent
* Encrypted PII sent
* Device information leaked
* Location leaked
|- 
| '''Update Mechanism'''
|
* Update sent without encryption
* Updates not signed
* Update location writable
* Update verification
* Malicious update
* Missing update mechanism
* No manual update mechanism
|- 
| '''Mobile Application'''
|
* Implicitly trusted by device or cloud
* Username enumeration
* Account lockout
* Known default credentials
* Weak passwords
* Insecure data storage
* Transport encryption
* Insecure password recovery mechanism
* Two-factor authentication
|- 
| '''Vendor Backend APIs'''
|
* Inherent trust of cloud or mobile application
* Weak authentication
* Weak access controls
* Injection attacks
|- 
| '''Ecosystem Communication'''
|
* Health checks
* Heartbeats
* Ecosystem commands
* Deprovisioning
* Pushing updates
|- 
| '''Network Traffic'''
|
* LAN
* LAN to Internet
* Short range
* Non-standard
|- 
|}


== ==
{{Social Media Links}}

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== What is the IoT Attack Surface Areas Project? ==

The IoT Attack Surface Areas Project provides:

* [https://www.owasp.org/index.php/IoT_Attack_Surface_Areas IoT Attack Surface Areas List]
* [https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Top_IoT_Vulnerabilities Top IoT Vulnerabilities]
* [https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Top_10_IoT_Vulnerabilities_%282014%29 Top 10 IoT Vulnerabilities (2014)]
* [https://www.owasp.org/index.php/IoT_Testing_Guides IoT Testing Guides]
* [https://www.owasp.org/index.php/IoT_Security_Guidance IoT Security Guidance]
* [https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Principles_of_IoT_Security Principles of IoT Security]
* [https://www.owasp.org/index.php/IoT_Framework_Assessment IoT Framework Assessment]

== Project Leaders ==

* Coming Soon

== Related Projects ==

* [https://www.owasp.org/index.php/OWASP_Mobile_Security_Project The OWASP Mobile Top 10 Project]
* [https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Category:OWASP_Top_Ten_Project The OWASP Web Top 10 Project]

== Email List ==
[mailto:owasp_internet_of_things_project-request@lists.owasp.org Mailing List]

== Quick Download ==
* Coming Soon

== News and Events ==
* Coming Soon

|}

= Top 10 IoT Vulnerabilities (2014) =

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== Top 10 IoT Vulnerabilities (2014) Project ==

For each attack surface areas, the following sections are included:

* A description of the attack surface
* Threat agents
* Attack vectors
* Security weaknesses
* Technical impacts
* Business impacts
* Example vulnerabilities
* Example attacks
* Guidance on how to avoid the issue
* References to OWASP and other related resources
== ==
* [[Top_10_2014-I1 Insecure Web Interface | I1 Insecure Web Interface]]
* [[Top_10_2014-I2 Insufficient Authentication/Authorization | I2 Insufficient Authentication/Authorization]]
* [[Top_10_2014-I3 Insecure Network Services | I3 Insecure Network Services]]
* [[Top_10_2014-I4 Lack of Transport Encryption | I4 Lack of Transport Encryption]]
* [[Top_10_2014-I5 Privacy Concerns | I5 Privacy Concerns]]
* [[Top_10_2014-I6 Insecure Cloud Interface | I6 Insecure Cloud Interface]]
* [[Top_10_2014-I7 Insecure Mobile Interface | I7 Insecure Mobile Interface]]
* [[Top_10_2014-I8 Insufficient Security Configurability | I8 Insufficient Security Configurability]]
* [[Top_10_2014-I9 Insecure Software/Firmware | I9 Insecure Software/Firmware]]
* [[Top_10_2014-I10 Poor Physical Security | I10 Poor Physical Security]]

== ==
{{Social Media Links}}

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== What is the Top 10 IoT Vulnerabiltiies Project? ==

The Top 10 IoT Vulnerabilities Project provides:

* Coming Soon

== Project Leaders ==

* Coming Soon

== Related Projects ==

* Coming Soon

== Email List ==
[mailto:owasp_internet_of_things_project-request@lists.owasp.org Mailing List]

== Quick Download ==
* Coming Soon

== News and Events ==
* Coming Soon

|}


= SCADA =

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== SCADA Project ==

Coming Soon

== ==
{{Social Media Links}}

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== What is the SCADA Project? ==

The SCADA Project provides:

* Coming Soon

== Project Leaders ==

* Coming Soon

== Related Projects ==

* [[OWASP_Mobile_Security_Project|OWASP Mobile Top 10 Project]]
* [[Category:OWASP_Top_Ten_Project|OWASP Web Top 10 Project]]

== Email List ==
[mailto:owasp_internet_of_things_project-request@lists.owasp.org Mailing List]

== Quick Download ==
* Coming Soon

== News and Events ==
* Coming Soon

|}


= Community =

[https://www.iamthecavalry.org/ I Am The Cavalry] 

A global grassroots organization that is focused on issues where computer security intersects public safety and human life.

Their areas of focus include:
* Medical devices
* Automobiles
* Home Electronics
* Public Infrastructure
== ==
[http://builditsecure.ly BuildItSecure.ly]

A project focused on helping small business connect with security researchers to aid in securing their IoT-based products before going market.

Their goals include:
* Focus effort towards small business
* Build partnerships
* Coordinate efforts
* Curate informational resources
* Present research
== ==
[https://otalliance.org Online Trust Alliance]

Formed as an informal industry working group in 2005, today OTA is an Internal Revenue Service (IRS) approved 501c3 charitable organization with the mission to enhance online trust and empower users, while promoting innovation and the vitality of the internet.  OTA is global organization supported by over 100 organizations headquartered in Bellevue, Washington with offices in Washington DC.

Addressing the mounting concerns, in January 2015 the Online Trust Alliance, established the [https://otalliance.org/initiatives/internet-things IoT Trustworthy Working Group (ITWG)], a multi-stakeholder initiative.  The group recognizes “security and privacy by design” must be a priority from the onset of product development and be addressed holistically. The framework focuses on privacy, security sustainability. The sustainability pillar is critical as it looks at the life-cycle issues related to long- term supportability and transfers of ownership of devices and the data collected.
== ==
[https://allseenalliance.org/framework AllSeen Alliance]

The AllSeen Alliance is a Linux Foundation collaborative project.  They're a cross-industry consortium dedicated to enabling the interoperability of billions of devices, services and apps that comprise the Internet of Things.  The Alliance supports the AllJoyn Framework, an open source software framework that makes it easy for devices and apps to discover and communicate with each other. Developers can write applications for interoperability regardless of transport layer, manufacturer, and without the need for Internet access. The software has been and will continue to be openly available for developers to download, and runs on popular platforms such as Linux and Linux-based Android, iOS, and Windows, including many other lightweight real-time operating systems.
== ==
[http://www.iiconsortium.org/ The Industrial Internet Consortium (IIC)]

The Industrial Internet Consortium is the open membership, international not-for-profit consortium that is setting the architectural framework and direction for the Industrial Internet. Founded by AT&T, Cisco, GE, IBM and Intel in March 2014, the consortium’s mission is to coordinate vast ecosystem initiatives to connect and integrate objects with people, processes and data using common architectures, interoperability and open standards.
== ==
[http://securingsmartcities.org/ Securing Smart Cities]

Securing Smart Cities is a not-for-profit global initiative that aims to solve the existing and future cybersecurity problems of smart cities through collaboration between companies, governments, media outlets, other not-for-profit initiatives and individuals across the world.

===Talks===

RSA Conference San Francisco <br> 
[https://www.owasp.org/images/5/51/RSAC2015-OWASP-IoT-Miessler.pdf Securing the Internet of Things: Mapping IoT Attack Surface Areas with the OWASP IoT Top 10 Project] <br>
Daniel Miessler, Practice Principal <br>
April 21, 2015 <br>
--- <br>
Defcon 23 <br>
[https://www.owasp.org/images/3/36/IoTTestingMethodology.pdf IoT Attack Surface Mapping] <br>
Daniel Miessler <br>
August 6-9, 2015

===Podcasts===

* [http://iotpodcast.com/ The Internet of Things Podcast]
* [http://www.iot-inc.com/tag/podcasts/ IoT Inc]
* [https://soundcloud.com/craig-smith-381 IoT This Week]
* [http://farstuff.com/ Farstuff: The Internet of Things Podcast]

===IoT Conferences===

* [http://www.iotevents.org Internet of Things Events]

Conference Call for Papers
* [http://www.wikicfp.com/cfp/servlet/tool.search?q=internet+of+things&year=t WikiCFP - Internet of Things]
* [http://www.wikicfp.com/cfp/servlet/tool.search?q=iot&year=t WikiCFP - IoT]


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[[Category:OWASP_Project]] [[Category:OWASP_Document]] [[Category:OWASP_Download]] [[Category:OWASP_Release_Quality_Document]]