This site is the archived OWASP Foundation Wiki and is no longer accepting Account Requests.
To view the new OWASP Foundation website, please visit https://owasp.org

Automated Audit using SQLMap

From OWASP
Jump to: navigation, search

Last revision (mm/dd/yy): 01/22/2013 

This type of article aims to provide to development team a easy/quick way to perform automated audit 
tests against their web application projects over implementation phase.


Description

This page has the objective to show an example SQLMap command to automate the auditing of a web application for SQL injection vulnerabilities. SQLMap is an open source penetration testing tool that automates the process of detecting and exploiting SQL injection flaws and taking over of database servers. (SQLMap homepage).

This command line does not replace a manual audit but can be useful to perform a first validation.

Command line

python sqlmap.py -v 2 --url=http://mysite.com/index --user-agent=SQLMAP --delay=1 --timeout=15 --retries=2 
--keep-alive --threads=5 --eta --batch --dbms=MySQL --os=Linux --level=5 --risk=4 --banner --is-dba --dbs --tables --technique=BEUST 
-s /tmp/scan_report.txt --flush-session -t /tmp/scan_trace.txt --fresh-queries > /tmp/scan_out.txt


Options used to specify HTTP communication behaviors:


Options used to specify audit behaviors:


Options used to specify scan information's' saving behaviors:


Extract from SQLMap documentation about SQL injection techniques identified by B/E/U/S/T (http://sqlmap.sourceforge.net/doc/README.html#toc1.3): 

[B]oolean-based blind SQL injection, also known as inferential SQL injection: sqlmap replaces or appends to the affected parameter
 in the HTTP request, a syntatically valid SQL statement string containing a SELECT sub-statement, or any other SQL statement whose
 the user want to retrieve the output. For each HTTP response, by making a comparison between the HTTP response headers/body with 
the original request, the tool inference the output of the injected statement character by character. Alternatively, the user can 
provide a string or regular expression to match on True pages. The bisection algorithm implemented in sqlmap to perform this technique 
is able to fetch each character of the output with a maximum of seven HTTP requests. Where the output is not within the clear-text plain 
charset, sqlmap will adapt the algorithm with bigger ranges to detect the output.

[E]rror-based SQL injection: sqlmap replaces or append to the affected parameter a database-specific syntatically wrong statement and
 parses the HTTP response headers and body in search of DBMS error messages containing the injected pre-defined chain of characters and 
the statement output within. This technique works when the web application has been configured to disclose back-end database management 
system error messages only.

[U]NION query SQL injection, also known as inband SQL injection: sqlmap appends to the affected parameter a syntatically valid SQL statement
 string starting with a UNION ALL SELECT. This techique works when the web application page passes the output of the SELECT statement within 
a for cycle, or similar, so that each line of the query output is printed on the page content. sqlmap is also able to exploit partial 
(single entry) UNION query SQL injection vulnerabilities which occur when the output of the statement is not cycled in a for construct 
whereas only the first entry of the query output is displayed.

[S]tacked queries SQL injection, also known as multiple statements SQL injection: sqlmap tests if the web application supports stacked queries
 then, in case it does support, it appends to the affected parameter in the HTTP request, a semi-colon (;) followed by the SQL statement to be
 executed. This technique is useful to run SQL statements other than SELECT like, for instance, data definition or data manipulation statements 
possibly leading to file system read and write access and operating system command execution depending on the underlying back-end database
management system and the session user privileges.

[T]ime-based blind SQL injection, also known as full blind SQL injection: sqlmap replaces or appends to the affected parameter in the HTTP request,
 a syntatically valid SQL statement string containing a query which put on hold the back-end DBMS to return for a certain number of seconds. 
For each HTTP response, by making a comparison between the HTTP response time with the original request, the tool inference the output of
 the injected statement character by character. Like for boolean-based technique, the bisection algorithm is applied.

Report

The python script below can be used to generate a HTML report from the stdout of the command line (redirected to "/tmp/scan_out.txt" in the SQLMap command line): 

###########################################
# Script to generate a HTML report from a 
# SQLMap stdout output
#
# Author : Dominique Righetto 
#          [email protected]
# Date   : March 2012
###########################################
import sys
#I/O paths, take SQLMap STDOUT file from script parameter
stdout_file_path = sys.argv[1]
report_file_path = stdout_file_path + ".html"
#Open STDOUT file in read mode
file_handle_read = open(stdout_file_path,"r")
#Open REPORT file in write mode
file_handle_write = open(report_file_path,"w")
#Initialize HTML report stream
file_handle_write.write("<html xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml\" lang=\"en\" xml:lang=\"en\">")
file_handle_write.write("<head><link rel=\"StyleSheet\" href=\"style.css\" type=\"text/css\" media=\"screen\" /><title>SQLMap HTML Report</title></head>")
file_handle_write.write("<body><table id=\"myStyle\">")
file_handle_write.write("<thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Test datetime</th><th scope=\"col\">Test description</th></tr></thead>")
file_handle_write.write("<tbody>")
#Flag to know is global audit is OK
cannot_find_injectable_parameter = False
#Read STDOUT file line by line
for line in file_handle_read:
    if (line.strip().startswith("[")) and (line.find("[*]") == -1):
        #Check for special message indicating audit global status
        if(line.lower().find("all parameters are not injectable") > -1):
            cannot_find_injectable_parameter = True
        #Report generation
        line_part = line.strip().split(" ") 
        if (line_part[2].lower() == "testing"):
            #Extract useful informations
            execution_datatime = line_part[0]
            execution_trace = ""
            count = 2
            while(count < len(line_part)):
                execution_trace = execution_trace + " " + line_part[count]
                count = count + 1 
            #Write report HTML line
            file_handle_write.write("<tr><td>" + line_part[0] + "</td><td>" + execution_trace + "</td></tr>")                
file_handle_write.write("</tbody></table>")        
#Write global audit stauts line
if(cannot_find_injectable_parameter):
    file_handle_write.write("<h1 class=\"success\">SQLMap cannot find injectable parameters !</h1>")
else:
    file_handle_write.write("<h1 class=\"fail\">SQLMap can find injectable parameters !</h1>")
#Finalize report HTML stream
file_handle_write.write("</body></html>")
#Close I/O stream    
file_handle_write.close()
file_handle_read.close()
#Print some informations
print "Report generated to " + report_file_path

To generate the report use the command line below: 

python SQMReportGenerator.py /tmp/scan_out.txt

The report will be generated into the same location than the input file using source file name and adding ".html" extension as report name.

The script use an external CSS file named "style.css" (located into the same location than the report) to format report.

A CSS sample is available below: 

body
{
	line-height: 1.6em;	
}
.success
{
	font-family: "Lucida Sans Unicode", "Lucida Grande", Sans-Serif;
	text-align: center;
	color: green;
}
.fail
{
	font-family: "Lucida Sans Unicode", "Lucida Grande", Sans-Serif;
	text-align: center;
	color: red;
}
#myStyle
{
	font-family: "Lucida Sans Unicode", "Lucida Grande", Sans-Serif;
	font-size: 12px;
	margin: 45px;
	width: 75%;
	text-align: left;
	border-collapse: collapse;
	border: 1px solid #6cf;
}
#myStyle th
{
	padding: 20px;
	font-weight: normal;
	font-size: 13px;
	color: #039;
	text-transform: uppercase;
	text-align: center;
	border-right: 1px solid #0865c2;
	border-top: 1px solid #0865c2;
	border-left: 1px solid #0865c2;
	border-bottom: 1px solid #fff;
}
#myStyle td
{
	padding: 10px 20px;
	color: #669;
	border-right: 1px dashed #6cf;
}

Example of generated report:

SQLMapExampleReport.png

Remark about scan scheduling

The scan take a while then it's recommended to schedule is execution:

  • During the night for a daily audit case.
  • During the week-end for a weekly audit case.
Retrieved from "https://wiki.owasp.org/index.php?title=Automated_Audit_using_SQLMap&oldid=206944"